Theories of the Aether Articles relating to the Emergence of Scientific Theories of the Cosmic Aether
The Natural Scientific curiousity of Maurice Allais: Aether, gravity, Miller and the pendulum affair.
Web Publication by Mountain Man Graphics, Australia - Southern Winter 2004

Introduction

Anomalous Behaviour of Pendulum

Maurice Allais received the Nobel Prize in Economics, but has contributed a great deal to the experimental work in the natural sciences. Specifically, his experimental work relating to the anomalous behaviour of the paracononical pendulum (relating to a solar eclipse) was conducted between 1954 to 1960.

These experiments appeared to show the existence of a periodic lunisolar component of 24 hours 50 min in the movement of the pendulum, and an amplitude subtantially larger than Newtonian or Einsteinien physics would suggest. Maurice Allais then turned to the documented experimental evidence of Miller, and commenced to systematically analyse the data in order to determine whether or not any related consistencies existed.

Allais' Re-Analysis of Miller

He found Miller's work exemplary. He found evidence of a systematic nature detailed in Millers results. The observations and data recorded by Miller were found to substantiate the claim that absolute reference frames were being detected, such that the existence of a direction of anisotropy of space, which varied with time.

Professor Allais then issued two important notes, published by the French Academy of Sciences, being:

• Very significant regularities in the interferometric observations of Dayton C. Miller 1925-1926 Note dated January 23th, 1997 sent by Professor Allais to the French Academy of Sciences.

• New very significant regularities in the interferometric observations of Dayton C. Miller 1925-1926 Note dated April 26th, 1999 sent by Professor Allais to the French Academy of Sciences

Additional publications by Allais re: Miller

• The experiments of Dayton C. Miller (1925 - 1926) and the Theory of Relativity by Maurice Allais - "21st century - Science & Technology" - Spring 1998, p. 26

• The origin of the very significant regularities displayed in the interferometric observations of Dayton C. Miller 1925-1926: temperatures effects or space anisotropy ? Note dated December 2000, sent by Professor Allais to the French Academy of Sciences. In this paper, Maurice Allais refutes all the criticisms opened about the Miller's works, from Shankland (1955)

All these publications are available at Maurice Allais's website.

The following notes are a transcription of the image of the notes
available at Maurice Allais' website, and are dated July 24, 2003.
 
Some points seem essential concerning the concept of aether and
its over time:


(1) No Action at a Distance

    1.  No action at a distance is conceivable without the existence
    of intermediary medium.

    All known actions, gravitational, optical, electromagnetic,
    propagate through a medium, the aether.

    2.  The attraction according to Newton's law of the inverse
    square of the distance or Ampere's formulas are not actions at
    a distance.  They result from local actions which propagate
    progressively across space through the aether.

    Thus the Newtonian action (apparently at a distance) boils
    down to two local equations:

    


    


    To clarify please see Maurice Allais original notes!)

    They lead to a solution (related apparently to 
    an action at a distance)

    

  
   Likewise Ampere's formulas (apparently at a distance) boil
   down to the local equations:

    


    where P represents the potential vector 

   Relations (2) and (4) refer to a spatial propagation through the aether.


    
(2) Universal Gravitation: An Isotropic and Euclidian Space of Reference

    3.  The laws

     



    of universal gravitation are supposedly true only in an
    euclidian and isotropic space relatively to a referential
    called Copernic's referential, whose origin is the gravity
    center of the solar system and whose axis join this gravity
    center to three stars supposed to be fixed.

    On centuries' scale, these hypotheses permit to represent
    the planets movements with a surprising accuracy.

    These very well confirmed hypotheses have led to consider the
    aether as an homogeneous and isotropic medium.

    
(3) Interferometric Experiments of Michelson and Miller

    4.  Assuming the aether as motion less, isotropic and euclidian,
    the interferometric experiment of Michelson should have revealed
    for the speed of the earth relative to the aether a value of 
    about 30 km/s.

    Since a speed of the order of 8 km/s. was recorded, it was
    deduced wrongfully that the outcome was due to errors of
    observation and that actually it was impossible to record the
    earth speed on its orbit, axiom put as the basis of the special
    theory of relativity.

    In fact, I have shown in 1999 quite extraordinary regularities
    in Miller observations which are totally impossible to attribute to
    some perverse effects like temperature.

    As a result it follows a radical and definitive collapse of 
    the theory of relativity.


    5.  In fact, what Miller experiments show is a variation of the 
    speed of light due to a local anisotropy of the aether, which is
    quite different from a direct relation between the earth movement
    and the speed of light.

    There is no "aether drift" at all.

    Millers interpretation of his experiments is totally
    erroneous.  Suffice for me to recall that this interpretation
    completely neglects the average deviations of the azimuts relatively
    to the meridian and doesn't explain the assumed reduction by Miller
    of the effects' amplitude.

    Actually the talk about the aether drift due to the earth
    movements comes from the old and obsolete concept of action at a 
    distance.  If drift there is, it is a local drift of the earth due
    to the aethers environment.


    
(4) Aether movements and deformatinos

    6.   Contrary to what was assumed in XIXth century and early XXth
    century, the aether is subject to movements and local deformations,
    in other words, the aether is an anisotropic medium.  This anisotropy
    varies over time and space.

     The properties of the "vacuum" are nothing else than aether properties.

     7.     The movements and deformations of the aether influence the
     different phenomena observed and all these phenomena are influenced
     in the same way.

     8.   Atoms, particles, photons ... are but (local) singularities of
     the aether which remian to be explained by differential equations.


    
(5) Periodical structure of the anisotropy of the aether

     9.  Movements and distortions of the aether have a periodic structure
     which we find particularly in the observations on gravity and optics.

     It follows that all observable physical phenomena have the same
     periodical structure.

     This explians accordingly the phase agreement between the paraconic
     pendulum movements and the optical observations on fixed sights and
      collimators*.

     10.  All the anomalies found, whether those related to the paraconic
     pendulum movements or those of optical views on fixed sights and
     collimators or those of interferometric measurements have a periodic
     structure.  All are related to the periodic anisotropy of the aether.
     (*) in french: "visees sur mires et sur collimateurs".

     Their cumulative effects cancel each other overtime.  As a result
     they do not invalidate the fundamental structure of celestial mechanics.

     What these anomalies show is the existence of complementary terms
     which remain to be formulated and which relate to the movements and
     distortions of the aether.


    
(6) Differential Equations of the Aether movements

     11.   The usual representation by differential equations of the
     gravitational, electrostatic and electromagnetic fields hide the
     fundamental identity underlying all these phenomena.  

     This fundamental identity is the only physical reality.  The task
     today is to determine the whole set of differential equations
     representing this reality of which the actual equations of the treatises
     of physics are but special cases.

     12.   What is missing today is a clear and comprehensive representation
     of physical reality i.e. of the fundamental properties of the aether,
     a representation that no mathematical abstraction in nowadays texts of
     physics can bring about.

      13.   Nature doesn't leave any room to chance and all is determined by
      cause and effect relationships.
 
      What's called hazard is nothing but a representation of our
      ignorance.  But the permanent nature of the statistical laws shows the
      existence of a hidden order.



      See also a further article by Maurice Allais entitled:

      
      On the distribution of the planets and 
      the satellites of the planets


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