The Blessed One replied: "Who is an outcast?" [2]

"An outcast is the man who is angry and bears hatred;
the man who is wicked and hypocritical,
he who embraces error and is full of deceit. [3]

"Whosoever is a provoker and is avaricious,
has evil desires, is envious, wicked, shameless,
and without fear to commit wrong, let him be known as an outcast. [4]

"Not by birth does one become an outcast,
not by birth does one become a Brahman;
by deeds one becomes an outcast,
by deeds one becomes a Brahman." [5]